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Dark Matter: What is it?

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This structure right above this paragraph is the Milky Way. Isn't it fascinating and so beautiful? Did you know that our solar system completes one orbit around the milky way in 230 million years? It travels at a speed of 200 kilometers per second. Isn't that ironical because our Earth also travels around the solar system and the solar system also revolves around the Milky Way.  Have you ever asked yourself this question that what is this shining object at the center of the Milky Way? Turns out that this object is a black hole Sagittarius A. It is a supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy like every other galaxy has one at its center. Now some of you smart fellows might have thought that the Sun revolves around this black hole like the Earth revolves around the Sun. You may have thought so because of the black hole's super powerful gravity. Well smart fellow your prediction is wrong. Sorry to break it to you but it is something else. What is this force that is c

Terraforming Sagan: A Beautiful Future

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In the previous article, we discussed how to terraform Sagan. In this article, we will go a step further. You might be pretty happy about terraforming Sagan a little in the last article. Well, ' pauses dramatically' we are not even halfway done yet. So now we have waited an eternity for the planet's atmosphere to get drained of poisonous gases. In this article, we will discuss the proper formation of Sagan's atmosphere and crust. The planet is now 95% clean as some toxic gases are left in a tiny fraction. We also need to now start adding Oxygen in larger quantities as bacteria is not fast alone. What we are about to do now will decide the future of humanity. Keep in mind that the atmosphere has been drained by the hard work of dozens and dozens of generations. One misstep and we have spoiled centuries of hard work. Such mistakes include moving the planet slightly far from its star. The noxious gases might emerge again or improperly predict the path of an asteroid and t

Terraforming: A Vision of the Future

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  Do you want to explore the galaxy(cuz the universe is impossible to explore)? Well today is your lucky day as I am going to write about our future survival and how we can colonise our galaxy. There are many planets in our galaxy. Almost every star system has planets of its own. Sadly, we can only choose planets the size of Earth. I will explain in a few minutes. You must have heard that Elon Musk and his SpaceX are making moves to colonise Mars. There is only one problem. Mars is so much smaller than Earth. Why you may ask is this a problem? Well curious reader you have hammered the nail right.  The issue is Gravity. Earth’s gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 . For us monkeys this gravity is only good for our survival. Mars’s mass is so much less than that of Earth that it is gravity is also low. Mars’s gravity is only a third of the Earth’s. If we humans want to survive on Mars the people living there will have to exercise for literally hours daily to remain fit otherwise gravity may cause some l

Hubble Space Telescope: Eyes Away From Earth

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    The Pillars of Creation D o you think that we can see nearby or far planets, stars and galaxies with our small household telescopes or the giant ones on top of mountains. No we can’t. Do you know why? Well it is because of our atmosphere. Even though our atmosphere provides us with safety from UV and Infrared rays, the atmosphere blurs out a lot of stars and galaxies. So to resolve this issue, mankind developed its first telescope that would be placed outside the atmosphere. This telescope is the famous Hubble Space Telescope. The Hubble Space Telescope was launched on April 24 1990. For the past 31 years, the Hubble Space Telescope has been providing us with images of objects that we never imagined existed. Lyman Spitzer Just after WW2, Lyman Spitzer, an American Physicist proposed the idea of a telescope which would operate in the Space and would avoid the blurring of our atmosphere. His document was called the 'Advantages of an Extraterrestrial Observatory'. It took a f

The Standard Model: Our True Understanding Beyond Electrons

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 When I was small, I was often asked the question – What is the smallest thing on earth? As I grew, my answers changed. They changed from molecules to atoms to neutron to electrons. Now in the recent months of my interest in particle physics, I have come quite a far way. I now have a greater understanding of our universe’s building blocks. Most of you might know that an electron is the smallest thing in the Universe. That is right and you have the answer right. Except, there are more particles having similar sizes compared to the electron. So today we are going to discuss the Standard Model of Particle Physics or just the Standard Model. The Standard Model is a table of 17 objects which have created the Universe. Without these objects we won’t exist or the Universe. The Standard Model is divided into 2 categories "Fermions" and  " Bosons" I know, that you may sound confused reading this and you are absolutely fine to get confused. 1.   Fermions:  Fermions are

The Multiverse - A Marvelous Theory?

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The Multiverse We always think of our Universe as giant, humongous and huge. It really is, but like a Solar system is home to a planet, a Galaxy is home to many Solar systems, a Super-cluster is home to many Galaxies and the Universe is home to a Super-clusters. But have you ever imagined what is home to the Universe? Well, in today’s article we are going to discuss about the Multiverse which is home to the Universes. Let’s start with the smallest things in the Universe to the largest. As some of my readers may know that the smallest object in the universe is an Electron (there are even smaller objects but we won’t discuss them now). Now from here let’s start the size comparison - Electron < Atoms < Molecules <Solids/Liquids/Gases < Comet < Meteor < Asteroid < Dwarf Moon < Dwarf Planet < Moon < Neutron Star < Planet < Dwarf Stars < Mega-Planet < Star < Stellar Mass Black hole < Solar system < Super-massive Black Hole < Galaxy

Boötes Void

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My father’s friend after reading my Black Holes blog suggested that I should write my blog on the Bo ö tes Void. So, fellow readers, my next blog will be a combination of two blogs. So what is the Bo ö tes Void?  And why does it sound so mysterious? The Bo ö tes Void is literally a void. A void is basically empty space and nothing else. Unlike normal voids, the Bo ö tes Void has a few galaxies. The Bo ö tes Void is considered the largest void or empty space in the Universe. It has a diameter of 330 Million light-years. Just for reference, the Milky Way only has a diameter of 100,000 light-years. The Bo ö tes Void is 700 Million light-years far from the Earth. The Bo ö tes Void was discovered by a Harvard Professor Robert Kirshner in 1981. This discovery brought terror to astronomers across the world. The Bo ö tes void is literally the largest object in the universe. Just close your eyes and imagine you can move at the speed of light. If you are at the edge of the Boötes void, it will